If you have an external voltage regulator, start the engine and connect a voltmeter to the battery + and - terminals. Remove the plug from the regulator and connect a jumper wire to the plug between the A+ and F pins and note the voltmeter reading. If it doesn't move you have a bad alternator. If it increases you have a bad voltage regulator. Do not connect the jumper for more than 10 seconds at a time within a minute or two of each other to avoid overheating the alternator. The output at fast idle with the headlights on should be no less than 14.5 volts.
PS: Unless you want to risk damaging your alternators rectifier bridge, do not disconnect the battery while the engine is running. This is an old generator test and not suitable for alternators.