How would the car behave with the stock converter?'s
Grok's advice:
Determining the "biggest" camshaft you can use with a stock Ford C4 torque converter depends on several factors, including your engine setup, vehicle weight, rear gear ratio, intended use (e.g., street driving, cruising, or performance), and how much compromise you're willing to tolerate in drivability. The stock C4 torque converter typically has a stall speed in the range of 1,600 to 1,800 RPM, which limits how aggressive a camshaft you can run before idle quality, low-end torque, and overall street manners suffer significantly. Let’s break this down using Ford’s "alphabet" camshafts (e.g., B303, E303, F303, X303) as a reference.
Key Considerations
- Stock Torque Converter Stall Speed: A stock C4 converter doesn’t provide much slip, meaning the engine needs to produce usable power at lower RPMs to avoid bogging down when you put it in gear or accelerate from a stop. A camshaft with too much duration (especially over 230° at 0.050" lift) will push the powerband higher than the converter can handle effectively, leading to sluggish performance and potential stalling.
- Ford Alphabet Cams: These are performance hydraulic roller camshafts designed by Ford Performance for small-block engines (e.g., 302/5.0L). They’re labeled alphabetically (B, E, F, X, etc.), with increasing duration and lift as you move up the alphabet. Here’s a quick rundown of their specs at 0.050" lift:
- B303: 224° intake / 224° exhaust, 0.480" lift (with 1.6 rockers), 114° LSA
- E303: 220° intake / 220° exhaust, 0.498" lift, 110° LSA
- F303: 226° intake / 226° exhaust, 0.512" lift, 112° LSA
- X303: 286° intake / 286° exhaust, 0.542" lift, 112° LSA (advertised duration; actual at 0.050" is ~224°/224°)
- Camshaft Duration and Idle Quality: As duration increases, the engine’s idle vacuum decreases, and the powerband shifts to higher RPMs. A stock converter struggles with cams exceeding ~220-230° duration at 0.050" because the engine won’t make enough torque below the stall speed to move the car efficiently.
- Vehicle Setup: A lighter car with steeper gears (e.g., 3.73 or 4.10) can tolerate a slightly bigger cam than a heavy vehicle with tall gears (e.g., 2.73). Without knowing your specific setup, I’ll assume a typical street car (e.g., Mustang or F-100) with a 302 and moderate gears (3.23-3.55).
Analyzing the Alphabet Cams with a Stock C4 Converter
- B303: With 224°/224° duration, this cam is on the upper edge of what a stock C4 converter can handle. It’ll have a noticeable lope at idle and reduced vacuum (around 12-14 inHg), but it can work decently in a light car with good tuning (e.g., bumped-up initial timing to 14-16° BTDC and a carb with adjustable idle circuits). Drivability will be compromised slightly, with some loss of low-end torque, but it’s manageable for casual cruising.
- E303: At 220°/220°, this is slightly milder than the B303 and a better match for a stock converter. It still lopes but retains more low-end usability. This is likely the sweet spot for a stock C4 setup if you want a noticeable performance bump without needing a stall converter.
- F303: With 226°/226°, this cam pushes the limit further. You’ll feel a significant drop in low-end response, and the stock converter will struggle to get the engine into its powerband (likely starting around 2,200-2,500 RPM). It’s doable, but expect bogging off the line and a rougher idle (10-12 inHg vacuum).
- X303: This cam’s advertised 286°/286° duration is misleading—actual duration at 0.050" is closer to 224°/224°, similar to the B303 or F303. However, its tighter LSA (112°) and higher lift make it feel more aggressive. It’s too much for a stock converter; Ford recommends a high-stall converter explicitly for this one.
The Verdict
The E303 (220°/220° at 0.050") is likely the "biggest" Ford alphabet camshaft you can reliably use with a stock C4 torque converter while maintaining decent street drivability. It offers a lopey idle, improved mid-range power, and works within the stock converter’s 1,600-1,800 RPM stall range, assuming proper tuning. The B303 (224°/224°) is a close second but starts to stretch the converter’s capability, especially in heavier vehicles or with tall gears.
The F303 and X303 are too aggressive for a stock converter unless you’re willing to accept poor low-speed performance and potential stalling issues. Ford Performance even notes that a high-stall converter (e.g., 2,500 RPM or higher) is recommended for the F303 and X303 with automatic transmissions.
Recommendations
- If you’re set on keeping the stock converter, stick with the E303 for the best balance of performance and drivability.
- For anything bigger (e.g., F303 or X303), you’ll need a higher-stall converter (2,500-3,000 RPM) to match the cam’s powerband, especially if your camshaft calls for it like the user in the search results with a 2500-stall recommendation.
- Pair the cam with good ignition timing (e.g., 12-16° initial, 34-36° total) and a carburetor tuned for low-RPM response to maximize compatibility.
If you share more details about your setup (engine, gears, vehicle weight, etc.), I can refine this further!
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