You'll probably hate 4.11 gears without an overdrive transmission. With your C4, the engine will be screaming at highway speeds so unless you don't want to drive faster than 50 mph, go with a higher ratio. 3.80 is probably still pushing it for a non-OD transmission. Consider this - most people swapping gears in later model Mustangs (all with overdrive transmissions) usually go for 3.55 or 3.73 gears. My '99 Cobra has 4.30 gears and a 5 speed and I turn close to 3000 rpm at 70 mph.
If you plan on swapping to an OD tranny in the near future, you could use either ratio, but the 3.80 would be a better choice. My '66 has 4.11 gears, but I also have a 6 speed transmission with a .50:1 6th gear, which means my engine will be turning at half the RPM in 6th gear that yours would with a C4 in 3rd gear (plus or minus a little due to tire size differences). If you have no plans for an OD tranny, you are best off staying in the lower half of the 3's (somewhere in the 3.25-3.50ish range). Before you decide on a ratio, use one of the RPM calculator tools you can find online - you can plug in your tire size and gear ratios and it will tell you what RPM your engine will be turning at a given speed.
Finding parts is easy. I personally like Randy's Ring & Pinion. I bought all my rear end parts from them. You can get individual parts or a whole overhaul kit. As far as your rearend, if it's got a removable center section (3rd member), it's a 8" or 9". If you can get a socket on every one of the retaining bolts, it's a 8". If a socket won't fit on one of the bottom bolts (necessitating the use of a wrench), it's a 9". Other than that, they look virtually identical to each other. If you are swapping gears, it would be a good time to add a limited slip differential if your budget allows. There are many choices out there - I am using a Yukon Dura Grip. I wouldn't even consider a junkyard for used gears - the chances of you finding anything other than the stock ratio are pretty slim.